Abstract

Asaad Rehman Saeed Al-Hilphy

Ohmic heated hydro-distillation (OHHD) apparatus was designed and manufactured in the food engineering Laboratory, Agriculture College, Basrah University. It consists of poles, glass condenser, plastic cylinder and voltage regulator. OHHD at 60, 70 and 80 V and hydro-distillation (HD) (conventional method) are compared and evaluated in extraction time, input power, energy consumption of essential oil, heating rate, essential oil yield, predicted yield, specific gravity, reflective index and chemical composition by using GCMS. Eucalyptus oil was extracted from dried Eucalyptus leaves using OHHD at 60, 70, 80 V and HD. The results showed that OHHD at 60, 70, 80 V and HD have the extraction time of 110, 90, 70 and 142 min. respectively, and essential oil yield were 1.64, 1.90, 2.19 and 1.36 % respectively. Also, the energy consumption of essential oil by using OHHD at 60, 70 and 80 V was significantly (p<0.05) lesser than HD. As well as, the input power (kW) at using OHHD was lesser than HD. The higher heating rate was by using OHHD at 80 V. Fick’s second law of one-dimensional unsteady-state diffusion was applied, and both transfer kinetic coefficients increased with increasing applied voltage. However, there is no significant differences among OHHD at 60, 70, 80 V and HD for the specific gravity and reflective index. GC-MS analysis of the Eucalyptus leaves essential oil revealed the presence of 29, 30, 27 and 28 compounds from the OHHD at 60, 70, 80 V and HD respectively