Abstract

1*Obimba Kelechukwu Clarence, 2Eziuzor, Samuel Chukwunyelum, 3Ozougwu, Jevas Chibuike, 4 Ihedimbu, Chiamaka Perpetua

The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of the use of some biochemical and hematological clinical indices as diagnostic parameters essential to the treatment and management of homozygous sickle cell anemia in the steady state. Twenty (20) healthy, homozygous AA human subjects and twenty (20) homozygous sickle cell anemia patients in the steady state were subjected to Hemoglobin genotype, packed cell volume (PCV%), white blood cell total (WBCTotal), aspartate amino transferase (AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (AP), serum triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol (C), Total bilirubin (Tb), and Random blood glucose (RBG) analyses. The experimental design is a single factor completely randomized design (CRD). Results recorded of the healthy human subjects and sickle cell anemia patients, expressed as mean ± standard error (S.E) (unit) were as follows : (PCV%) 45 ± 0.1 and 23.87 ± 0.2, (WBCTotal) 5.17 ± 3.94 and 11.27 ± 3.94 (x 103 /μl), (AST) 9.18 ± 1.16 and 19.5 ± 2.16 (U/l), (AP) 140±1.2 and 215.2 ± 1.3 (IU/L), (TG) 75 ± 1 and 117.87 ± 1.2 (mg/dl), (C) 185 ± 2.3 and 140.5 ± 1.2 (mg/dl), (Tb) 0.7 ± 0.1 and 2.8 ± 0.2 (mg%), (RBG) 82.18 ± 4.16 and 90.87± 4.23 (mg/dl), respectively. The mean values of WBCTotal, AST, AP, TG and RBG were significantly higher (p<0.05) : but those of PCV% and C were significantly lower (p<0.05) in sickle cell anemia patients compared with healthy human subjects. Incidence of homozygous sickle cell anemia in the steady state correlated positively and significantly (p<0.05) with significant increase (p<0.05) in WBCTotal, AST, AP, TG and RBG; and significant decrease (p<0.05) in PCV% and C. The statistical regression and correlation between serum triglyceride and PCV% of the patients were significant (p<0.05), r = 0.983. Observed values of PCV% could be used with high precision to predict serum triglyceride levels of homozygous sickle cell anemia patients in the steady state.