Abstract

Shamaki BU , Geidam YA , Abdulrahma F. , Ogbe AO , and Sandabe UK

The phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial activity of different organic solvent extracts (methanol, Ethyl acetate and n-butanol), of the wild mushroom- Ganoderma lucidum was evaluated. Phytochemical analysis of the three soluble fractions of the Ganoderma lucidum methanolic extract indicates that methanol and n-butanol fraction extracts contain; flavonoids, carbohydrates, tanins, cardiac glycosides, saponins and terpenoids, while as in case of ethyl acetate fraction the result obtained indicate the presence of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, saponins and terpenoids. The inhibitory activity of the test extracts against some bacterial organisms was investigated by the disc diffusion method, using various concentrations of 200mgml -1 , 150mgml -1 , 100mgml -1 , 50mgml -1 and 25mgml -1 . Ethylacetate extract fraction exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Resistance by the test microbes was observed against methanolic and nbutanolic fractions. However, most of them showed susceptibility to ethyl acetate extract fraction except Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aeroginosa that showed resistance. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test showed Corynebacterium pyogene, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiela pneumoneae strains were the most sensitive, showing susceptibility at lower concentrations of 12.5mg ml-1 , followed by Pseudomonas aeroginosa and P. mirabilis. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) result showed that ethyl acetate soluble fraction has more bactericodal activity against K. pneumoneae at a concentration as low as 12.5mg ml-1 . The inhibitory effect of the test extract against the tested microbes was less than that of the standard antibiotic-AmpicloxR (Ampicillin + Cloxacillin).The extract showed its potentials as an antibacterial agent that should be exploited.