Abstract

Niels Ulrich Hermund, Ole Donatsky, Henrik Nielsen, Christian Clausen, Palle Holmstrup

To compare the changes in graft height in patients after sinus floor augmentation (SFA) with and without mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to evaluate the survival rate of implants placed after SFA. Material and methods: Twenty patients were randomised into two groups. The test group patients had a bone biopsy taken from the tuberosity region from which bone cells were cultured. All patients had a SFA with a composite bone graft (BioOss® /autogenous bone). The patients in the test group had the cultured cells added. Two implants were placed in the augmented area four months later and the augmentation height at the distal side of the implants was evaluated from panoramic radiographs at the time of implant placement (T1) and after a minimum of 2.5 years (T2). The implant survival was evaluated. Due to insufficient bone quality one implant could not be placed 4 months after SFA, two implants disintegrated after prosthetic treatment and two implants in one patient were unaccounted for since the patient failed to show up – all in the MSC group. A statistically significant reduction in augmentation height of 1.27 ± 0.23 mm and 1.88 ± 0.37 mm in the MSC and non-MSC group was found after a minimum of 2.5 years, respectively (p<0.01). No overall difference between the two groups was found (p=0.18), however significantly less reduction in augmentation height was found in the most anterior implant position in the MSC group compared to the non-MSC group (p<0.05). Adding MSCs to SFA did not improve implant survival after a minimum of 2.5 years. A reduction in augmentation height of 10-13 % was found. The anterior augmentation height was more stabile when MSCs were added to the bone graft.