Abstract

Praveen Kumar*

Diseases, pests and pollutants are the major factors of agricultural production. They reduce a large proportion of agricultural production by reducing plant growth and development. Nanoscience can be utilized in the remediation of these problems in agriculture, as it provides a safer, efficient and effective way of agrochemicals delivery to the plants, resulting in increased agricultural production. Nanoparticles are widely used in the agricultural sector because of their distinctive properties. Studies have shown the influence of nanoparticles on plant growth and production. Nanoparticles act as effective carriers in the delivery of agrochemicals to plants. They provide site targeted delivery of nutrients and thus, prevent wastage of nutrients applied for plant growth and productivity. Bioremediation of pollutants is an emerging technology that provides Bio-Nano Materials for the protection of agriculture from pollution. This review aims to present and focus on the latest techniques used for the reduction of environmental pollution and improved agricultural production. This review speculates about the biosynthesis of nanomaterials from different sources like plants, fungi and bacteria along with chemical and organic synthesis from carbon, silver and gold. The role of nanoscience in detecting plant diseases and removal of heavy metals. Application of Nanoscience in storing, production, processing and transport of agricultural materials. It is also emphasized that Nanoscience may transform agriculture through innovation of new techniques like Precision farming, improvement of plants to engross nutrients, targeted use of inputs, detection and control of diseases and withstand environmental pressures. Further, efforts have been made in describing that nanoparticles may act as a better substitute for agricultural plant’s growth and nutrition improvement by lowering the content of pollutants and pre-detection of diseases in plants. The biosynthetic route of nanomaterial synthesis could emerge as a better and safer option for environmental pollution reduction. Thus, nanoscience may increase agricultural production to feed a huge population in near future.