Abstract

Mohanad Naji Sahib*, Shaymaa Abdalwahed Abdulameer, Noorizan Abd.Aziz and Yahaya Hassan

Diabetic kidney disease (diabetic nephropathy) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure disease in some parts of the world, and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This review, based on database resources, was undertaken to review the extracellular and intracellular mechanisms involved in the progression of this disease. Growth factors and, signaling pathways, in addition to, hemodynamic and cellular changes play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephropathy from high glucose level to more complicated biochemical abnormalities. As a conclusion, the understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney is very complex and heterogeneous and remains poorly understood. But it is important to consider oxygen reactive species and glucose level as the key elements to terminal renal failure or to arrest the progression of this serious disease