Bio-archaeological procedures and their importance

John Lars^*
*Correspondence: John Lars, Department of Bioarchaeology, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark, Email:

Received: 12-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. IJMSA-22-88036; Editor assigned: 23-Nov-2022, Pre QC No. IJMSA-22-88036 (PQ); Reviewed: 07-Dec-2022, QC No. IJMSA-22-88036; Revised: 15-Dec-2022, Manuscript No. IJMSA-22-88036 (R); Published: 22-Dec-2022

About the Study

The study of human remains in an archaeological setting is known as bioarchaeology. It also goes by the name of osteoarchaeology. It is often used to examine any biologically preserved faunal and botanical remains found at an archaeological site. Bioarchaeology involves mapping, measuring, collecting artefacts, cleaning them, categorising them, numbering them, and sketching them. Maps are crucial to archaeologists because they show the relationships between features, the terrain, Eco facts, and artefacts. These links and affiliations are frequently referred to as spatial linkages by archaeologists.

Archaeologists gather information to determine an artifact's age using techniques like dendrochronology and design comparisons throughout time. Perhaps the most fundamental and inclusive term in both contemporary and historical archaeological practise is "artefact." In general, it refers to any "thing" that a human society has produced or altered. Then, artefacts are divided into subgroups according to similarities in shape, content, or manufacturing technique, depending on the type of material they are made of, such as stone, pottery, metal, glass, or bone. Any biological item found at an archaeological site that has not been technologically transformed by humans but yet has cultural relevance is referred to as a bio fact (also known as an ecofact).

Eco facts include things like seeds, charcoal, minerals, and unaltered shells and bones, to name a few. The information gathered in the lab and field is examined by archaeologists. They could search for patterns in the data, unexpected discoveries, contrasts with other locations, and statistical trends. Following the excavation, they note the location of the digging as well as the artefacts' composition.

To clean these Eco facts and get rid of grime, brush them. The best storage options for artefacts include acid-free boxes, foam, tissue, folders, and hangers made of metal or wood. The most stubborn clinging materials, such as B. carbonate concretions, can be gently mechanically removed with a scalpel or bamboo. Museums keep artefacts in airtight display cases with consistent temperature and relative humidity to keep them free of dust and filth. If the museum is unable to provide storage crates for the antiquities, they should be draped in cotton that has not been bleached or dyed. Storage of antiques should not be done on the ground or next to windows, water heaters, HVAC vents, or pipelines carrying water. The goal of bioarchaeology is to add to archaeological interpretation and to provide fresh viewpoints on historical cultural patterns and processes. Skeletal biology, its fundamental discipline within physical (biological) anthropology, provides the fundamental basis for the study of recovered human remains.

Conclusion

This contributes significantly to the record of archaeological excavations. Ancient cultural relics are important because they provide knowledge about, among other things, social structure, technical advancements, and economic progress. We can learn what they ate via bioarchaeology and how their and their ancestors' eating patterns evolved over time. By looking at the material and immaterial traditions of contemporary human cultures, ethno archaeology aids in the reconstruction of old ways of existence. Bio archaeologists research population-level skeletal patterns. In order to understand biological and cultural trends within and across samples, they gather information on groups of people. They are used to conserve archaeological artefacts and gather information about the prehistoric era.