Note on management of pests and insects

Martinguy^*
*Correspondence: Martinguy, Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Chicago, USA, Email:

Received: 03-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. IJNEOAJ-22-56663; Editor assigned: 05-Mar-2022, Pre QC No. IJNEOAJ-22-56663 (PQ); Reviewed: 19-Mar-2022, QC No. IJNEOAJ-22-56663; Revised: 24-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. IJNEOAJ-22-56663 (R); Published: 31-Mar-2022

Description

Crop damage and manufacturing loss are primarily caused by insects and pests. They have the potential to destroy the entire crop and consume a big amount of the grains. In fact, if allowed unchecked, they can cut crop productivity by 30- 50 percentage annually. Integrating integrated pest and insect control is one of the best ways to protect crops from damage. Insecticides and pesticides are sprayed on crops to assist lesser crop damage by controlling insects and other pests.

Plant disease management

Another form of crop-damaging influence is pathogenic infections. Bacteria, fungi, and viruses all have distinct ways of impact on different areas of the crop. Pesticides and biocontrol agent’s usage could be to protect crops from these infections.

Biocontrol is the use of other organisms to control pests such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases. Predators, parasitoids, diseases, and competitors are examples of natural enemies of insect pests, often known as biological control agents.

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes, as well as their poisons, are biological agents. They can also have an impact on human health in a variety of ways.

These are crop protection practises that should be implemented both previously and throughout the cultivating process. The crop must now be picked after it has attained maturity. Harvesting is the process of cutting and assembling a mature crop. Threshing and winnowing are examples of immediate post-harvest processes that are included in the phrase harvesting. Let’s have a look at both of these procedures. Threshing is the process of separating grains from their chaffs or pods. We must separate the grains from the chaff after threshing. The process of winnowing is the separation of grains. Before harvesting crops, there are a number of aspects to consider. To ensure that harvesting is not done prematurely, the crops must be thoroughly examined. This results in seed shedding and crop loss. If the crops are overripe, they may lose their value or become unmarketable. To avoid product loss, cultivated grains must be stored safely. Grain loss is substantially more likely at this period than before cultivation. As a result, better protective mechanisms are required. The loss is caused by common pests and rodents, as well as other climatic circumstances such as humidity and temperature. We can avoid this loss by taking certain safeguards. Before storing the grains, rinse them and dry them fully in the sun. This helps to preserve the crops from fungal growth, which is caused by moisture. Pests can also be killed using a technique known as fumigation.

Fumigation is a method of pest control or eradication of hazardous microorganisms that involves entirely flooding an area with a gaseous chemical to smother or poison the pests. Stink bugs are severe pests, they are used as predators, as their eating pattern varies in various species. Lacewings too find colonies of aphids for consumption like lady beetles who consume mites, scales, insect eggs, mealy bugs, and aphids so on. Few small wasps too decrease the pest population by laying their eggs inside insects or their eggs. To succeed in getting the best and the maximum yield from his farm, a farmer has to minimise his crop loss and it demands proper and sustainable agricultural practices. By employing the right agricultural practices he can aim to improve the yield of the crops. For improving the yield, a farmer needs to improve the variety of crops, its production management, and its protection management.